According to the latest cancer data released by the World Health Organization, the number of new cases of breast cancer (2.26 million) has exceeded that of lung cancer (2.2 million), becoming the highest incidence of cancer in the world. Whether in China or the United States, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women; Among Chinese women, the number of deaths from breast cancer ranks fourth, while in the United States, the number of deaths from breast cancer has climbed to the second, second only to lung cancer. With the increasing incidence of breast cancer, the prevention and treatment of breast cancer has received increasing attention from various countries. The United States is one of the first countries to start breast cancer prevention and treatment. Recently, the latest breast cancer data of the United States was published in CA, the most influential magazine in the world. Let's take a look at what we should pay attention to.
Cover of the research report. Photo source: official website of CA
Overview of breast cancer data in the United States in 2022
In 2022, it is estimated that there will be 287850 new cases of invasive breast cancer and 43250 deaths of breast cancer in the United States; The average age of diagnosis of female breast cancer patients was 62 years old, and the average age of death was 69 years old. It is worth noting that 83% of invasive breast cancer was diagnosed for the first time among women aged 50 years and above. The number of breast cancer deaths in this age group accounted for 91% of the total, and more than 50% of breast cancer deaths occurred among women aged 70 years and above.
Although the incidence and death of breast cancer among women of different age groups in the United States is relatively rare in men, it is estimated that 2710 men will be diagnosed with breast cancer and 530 men will die of breast cancer in the United States in 2022 (accounting for about 1% of all new cases and deaths of breast cancer).
Number of breast cancer survivors in the United States in 2022
As of January 1, 2022, about 4.1 million women with breast cancer history have survived in the United States, of which more than 50% were diagnosed as early cancers, and about 4% had breast cancer metastasis. It is noteworthy that one in eight American women will be diagnosed with breast cancer in their lifetime; There is a 2.5% probability of death due to breast cancer.
Data of breast cancer diagnosis risk and death risk for women of different ages in the United States. The diagnosis and death of breast cancer are closely related to age. Statistics show that with the increase of age, the death risk of women's breast cancer is also increasing. The risk of breast cancer diagnosis reaches its peak between the ages of 70 and 79, and then decreases.
Trend of morbidity and mortality of breast cancer over time
Since the 1980s and 1990s, the incidence of breast cancer in the United States has been rising, from 29% in 1987 to 70% in 2000. This is mainly because many asymptomatic early breast cancer patients have been found with the popularization of breast X-ray screening, leading to a rising incidence.
From 1975 to 2019, the incidence trend of ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive breast cancer among American women by age can also be seen from the big data of historical development. From 1975 to 1989, the overall mortality rate of breast cancer increased by 0.4% annually, but by 2022, the overall mortality rate had decreased by 43%. In general, this decline has helped the United States avoid 460000 female breast cancer deaths. Early screening plays an important role in it, which is worth learning from. Actively promoting early screening can help reduce cancer mortality. On the other hand, the research and development of breast cancer treatment drugs also reduced the mortality of patients. In recent years, the decline rate of breast cancer mortality in the United States began to slow down: from 1998 to 2011, the decline rate dropped from 1.9% to 1.3% from 2011 to 2020, which may be related to the effective popularization of mammography and the steady increase of breast cancer incidence.
From 1975 to 2020, the trend of breast cancer mortality among different women in the United States was divided by race, in which AIAN means American Indian/Alaska Native; API, Asian/Pacific Islander In 2018, about 63% of patients with stage I or II breast cancer in the United States received breast conserving surgery with or without adjuvant radiotherapy, and 33% of women received mastectomy. Although the survival rates of patients receiving radiotherapy and mastectomy are similar, some patients still choose to undergo mastectomy under breast conserving conditions due to their unwillingness to receive radiotherapy, fear of recurrence and other reasons.
In 2018, the proportion of female breast cancer treatment mode selection in different cancer stages is shown in the figure, and then the 5-year survival rate of breast cancer patients can be seen. The 5-year survival rate of female breast cancer patients is closely related to the cancer stage at the time of diagnosis. According to the data of the United States:
The 5-year survival rate of patients diagnosed and treated in phase I was close to 100%;
The 5-year survival rate of stage II was 93%;
Only 75% in phase III;
In the late stage, namely stage IV, the 5-year survival rate of patients will drop below 30%, only 29%.
The latest data of breast cancer in the United States shows that although the incidence of breast cancer is increasing year by year, as long as it is found early, patients can get a good long-term survival; By changing risk factors, such as overweight and obesity, lack of exercise and alcohol intake, the risk of breast cancer can be reduced.
Early prevention, early screening, early diagnosis and early treatment are important tools to fight against cancer, and are also ways to reduce the risk of cancer death verified by data.
Reference material:
Siegel RL, Miller KD, Fuchs HE, et al. Cancer statistics, 2022. CA Cancer J Clin. 2022 Jan; 72(1):7-33. doi: 10.3322/caac.21708. Epub 2022 Jan 12. PMID: 35020204.
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https://www.cn-healthcare.com/articlewm/20221011/content-1448166.html
