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Source:chinamaitake Date:2020/12/24 9:45:37

Abstract:灰树花是食、药兼用蕈菌,属担子菌亚门层菌纲非褶菌目多孔菌科树花菌属。灰树花具有松蕈样芳香,肉质柔嫩,味如鸡丝,脆似玉兰。灰树花在民间有悠久的食用历史,其鲜品具有独特清香味,滋味鲜美。

口味独特的真菌之王

灰树花是食、药兼用蕈菌,属担子菌亚门层菌纲非褶菌目多孔菌科树花菌属。灰树花具有松蕈样芳香,肉质柔嫩,味如鸡丝,脆似玉兰。灰树花在民间有悠久的食用历史,其鲜品具有独特清香味,滋味鲜美。

灰树花丰富的营养价值

灰树花营养丰富,每100克干灰树花中含有蛋白质25.2克(其中含有人体所需氨基酸18种、18.68克,必需氨基酸占45.5%),脂肪3.2克,膳食纤维33.7克,碳水化合物21.4克,灰分5.1克,富含钾、磷、铁、锌、钙、铜、硒、铬等多种有益矿物质,维生素含量丰富(维生素E109.7 毫克,维生素B11.47毫克,维生素B20.72毫克,维生素C17.0毫克,胡萝卜素4.5毫克)。维生素B1和维生素E含量比其他食用菌高10~20倍,维生素C含量是其他食用菌的3~5倍,蛋白质和氨基酸是香菇的2倍。

隐姓埋名多年的珍品 得以引进并培育成功

浙江省庆元县位于浙江省西南部,山清水秀,环境优美,风光旖旎,气候温和,雨量充沛,山高林密,菇材资源非常丰富,历来盛产香菇。

由于庆元县独特的地理条件,1981年,日本籍中国商人易乃成与上海华东师范大学教授丁训侠访问庆元县,在购买野生灵芝的同时,与庆元县科委交换灰树花试管。1982年,韩省华、吴克甸等在庆元县成功栽培灰树花。1985年,吴克甸、周永昌发表《灰树花栽培技术初报》,这是我国最早的灰树花大面积栽培成功的报道。到1990年,庆元县出口盐渍灰树花50余吨,1995年栽培量达到1400多万袋,成为庆元县仅次于香菇的第二大菌类产业。

为了灰树花能规模化栽培和产品开发,1987年,浙江省科技厅和浙江省丽水地区科委,将“灰树花栽培高产技术”列为科研课题,由韩省华、吴克甸等人攻关。他们系统地进行了灰树花的椴木、代料、覆土栽培和菌棒栽培的研究,摸清了灰树花的生理特性和生长规律,总结了模式栽培技术。由韩省华、吴克甸研究的灰树花高产栽培技术,1988年获浙江省丽水地区行署科技进步奖。

稀缺的真菌之王

灰树花作为珍稀的菌类品种,一年仅收获两次。庆元县是全国最大的灰树花产区,2000年以来年生产量稳定在1200-1500万棒,占全国总量的70%以上,庆元县黄田镇2009年被授予“中国灰树花之乡”称号,2014年“庆元灰树花”获农产品地理标志产品。

风靡全球的真菌之王

由于灰树花肉质柔嫩,滋味鲜美而且营养丰富,早已成为了世界各地人们饭桌上的珍品佳肴。然而由于灰树花一年只能在春、秋时节采收两季,且鲜品灰树花与其他菌菇鲜品一样难以长久保存,因此想要品尝到灰树花鲜品非常难得。想要品尝到灰树花鲜花的话,就要赶在每年的采收季节时了。


参考文献:

《食药两用真菌——灰树花》韩省华

https://www.ixueshu.com/document/b182fab31af30eb1dd2183d056553230318947a18e7f9386.html

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